Kho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav thiab zaubyog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub uas tau khov-qhuav. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv aerospace, tub rog, mountaineering, tourism, kev tshawb nrhiav, thiab mining industries, thiab tau pom lawv txoj kev mus rau hauv khw noj mov thiab tsev. Cov txheej txheem ntws raws li hauv qab no: raw khoom xaiv → tiav → pre-freezing → sublimation drying → post-processing → ntim → cia.
(1) Kev kho mob ua ntej.
General pretreatment hais txog tag nrho cov kev kho mob ua ntej sublimation kom qhuav, yog li lub freezing ua ntej ziab kuj belongs rau pretreatment. Raw khoom pretreatment thiab pa txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub kom qhuav thiab khov-dried txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub
yog tib yam. Yog tias xav tau kev xaiv, ntxuav, tev, txiav, blanching, txias thiab lwm yam kev kho mob, peb yuav tsis mus rau qhov nthuav dav ntawm no. Thaum khov-drying txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog zaub kua txiv, nws yog thawj zaug concentrated ua ntej nrog pheej yig dua txoj kev, thiab ces cov khoom yog hloov mus rau hauv granular daim ntawv thaum lub sij hawm ua ntej freezing.
Pre-freezing yog khov cov ntaub ntawv raw tom qab kho ua ntej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txheej txheem ntawm khov-drying. Raws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub nyob rau hauv lub freezing txheej txheem yuav tshwm sim ib tug series ntawm complex biochemical thiab physicochemical hloov. Yog li qhov zoo lossis qhov tsis zoo ua ntej khov yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav thiab zaub. Cov txheej txheem khov yog tsom mus rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi khov ntawm cov khoom khov rau ntawm nws qhov zoo thiab lub sijhawm ziab.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev khov sai thiab khov qeeb?
Kev khov sai sai ua rau cov dej khov me me thiab khov qeeb ua rau cov dej khov loj dua. Cov dej khov loj loj nyiam sublimation thiab cov dej khov me me tsis nyiam sublimation. Cov dej khov me me muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg rau cov hlwb, qhov me me ntawm cov dej khov nab kuab. Qhov ntau qhov ziab qhia txog lub koom haum qub thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi khov yog siab, thiab qhov xav tau lub zog siv kuj tseem siab. Kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau muab los xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws khov tus nqi, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom noj khov-qhuav zoo tib lub sijhawm, kom qhov yuav tsum tau siv lub zog khov kom tsawg.
(2) Sublimation ziab yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav thiab zaub. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj cov txheej txheem txheej txheem:
• Chaw thau khoom
Thaum ziab, qhov ntub dej hnyav thauj khoom ntawm lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws yog qhov loj uas tau qhuav rau ntawm lub phaj ziab ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab lub sij hawm ziab. Lub thickness ntawm cov khoom noj qhuav kuj yog qhov cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm ziab.
Thaum khov kom qhuav, ziab ntawm cov khoom yog siab heev los ntawm txheej txheej mus rau txheej sab hauv. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov khoom qhuav yog thicker, nws xav tau lub sij hawm qhuav qhuav. Hauv qhov ziab tiag tiag, cov ntaub ntawv qhuav raug txiav rau hauv 15-30mm tuab tuab. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau thauj khoom ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub phaj ziab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li txoj kev cua sov thiab ntau hom zaub mov qhuav. Thaum siv cov cuab yeej loj loj siv rau ziab, yog tias lub voj voog ziab yog 6 ~ 8h, cov khoom ntim ntawm lub phaj ziab yog 5 ~ 15kg / m2.
• Qhuav kub
Kev ziab kom qhuav, txhawm rau kom lub sijhawm ziab kom luv, yuav tsum tau muab cov cua sov kom zoo rau sublimation ntawm cov dej khov nab kuab. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam kev siv cua sov yog tsim. Kev ziab khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau tswj kom tsis txhob ua rau cov dej khov yaj hauv cov khoom siv kom qhuav, qhov qhuav yuav tsis ua rau thermal denaturation vim overheating nyob rau hauv qhov ntau. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev cua sov, qhov kub ntawm lub phaj ziab hauv sublimation ntawm ziab ntawm thawj lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 70 ~ 80 degree, ziab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm 60 degree, qhuav nyob rau hauv lig 40 ~ 50 degree.
• Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov ziab kawg
Kev ziab qhov kawg tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
Qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv thiab qhov kub ntawm cov cua sov phaj pib converge thiab nyob twj ywm rau ib lub sij hawm. Cov twj tso kua mis (los yog cov ntxiab txias) lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus tsev vacuum thiab ziab chav nqus nqus ntsuas pom zoo, thiab khaws cia rau lub sijhawm. Lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws lub tshuab nqus tsev ntsuas qhov ntsuas cua txias yog qhov pib rov qab los rau qhov taw qhia thaum cov khoom siv thauj khoom thiab khaws cia rau lub sijhawm. Rau cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws nrog cov npauj npaim loj, lub npauj npaim loj tuaj yeem kaw. Lub tshuab nqus tsev yeej tsis poob los yog poob me ntsis. Plaub lub hauv paus kev txiav txim siab saum toj no, tuaj yeem siv ib leeg, tuaj yeem ua ke lossis siv sib koom ua ke.
(3) Tom qab ua tiav
Tom qab ua tiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav qhuav thiab zaub muaj xws li tshem tawm, xaiv cov khoom tiav, ntim thiab lwm yam txheej txheem. Tom qab khov-drying ceev, txhaj nitrogen los yog cua qhuav rau hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom tawg lub tshuab nqus tsev. Tom qab ntawd tam sim ntawd tshem tawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug txheeb ze humidity ntawm 50% los yog tsawg dua, qhov kub ntawm 22 ~ 25 degree. Plua plav tsawg kaw ib puag ncig unloading, thiab nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw rau semi-tiav khoom xaiv thiab ntim. Vim tias cov khoom siv lyophilized muaj thaj tsam loj heev, hygroscopicity muaj zog heev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem no nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig qhuav.
(4) Ntim thiab khaws cia
Tom qab khov-qhuav cov zaub mov muaj thaj tsam loj, qee cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom noj tau ncaj qha rau saum huab cua. Nws yooj yim rau kev sib cuag nrog cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua thiab adsorption ntawm dej. Qhov no ua rau maj mam deterioration ntawm cov khoom noj khov-qhuav. Qhov thib ob, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom noj khov-qhuav muaj xim ntuj, thiab cov xim ntuj no yooj yim rau degrade hauv lub teeb. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm oxidation thiab pigment degradation, qhov kub thiab txias kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, kev ntim cov khoom noj khov-qhuav feem ntau xav txog kev tiv thaiv lossis txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm plaub yam saum toj no.
Cov porous spongy qauv ntawm cov khoom noj khov-qhuav muaj ob qho tib si nws cov khoom zoo thiab tsis zoo:
• Ua ntej, thaum cov khoom raug huab cua, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom nqus noo noo thiab oxidized degradation. Yog li ntawd, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo khov-qhuav yuav tsum yog lub tshuab nqus tsev, zoo dua ntim ntim nrog nitrogen.
• Qhov thib ob, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav qhuav thiab zaub muaj cov ntim loj, tsis haum rau kev ntim khoom, kev thauj mus los, kev muag khoom.
• Yog li ntawd, cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav qhuav yog feem ntau compressed thiab ntim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv ntxeem tau thiab xoob ntawm cov khoom noj khov-qhuav hauv kev thauj mus los, kev muag khoom ntawm txoj kev yog yooj yim heev rau kev tawg.
• Yog li ntawd, rau cov khoom noj khov-qhuav uas tsis yooj yim rau compressed thiab ntim, lawv yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv qee yam ntawm cov khoom ntim lossis cov ntawv ntim.
Cov khoom noj khov-qhuav feem ntau siv cov khoom ntim rau cov hnab PE thiab cov hnab ntim khoom siv txhuas platinum, PE hnab feem ntau siv rau ntim loj. Composite aluminium platinum hnab feem ntau yog siv rau cov pob me me, cov ntim sab nrauv feem ntau yog xaiv cov thawv ntawv corrugated. Nws loj nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov thawv ntim khoom thauj, nrog PE hnab rau lub ntim sab hauv, txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev cais cov pa oxygen, dej, chav dej, feem ntau siv ob npaug. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kaus poom, tab sis tus nqi siab dua, daim ntawv thov tsis yog ntau heev. Txawm hais tias cov khoom ntim dab tsi, yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab nqus tsev nitrogen, thiab ntxiv deoxidizer thiab desiccant.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub khov qhuav yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, yog tias muaj xwm txheej. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw qis qis, tsis muaj av noo, lub txee lub neej feem ntau yog 1 txog 2 xyoos, kev siv cov kaus poom tuaj yeem tsim nyog txuas ntxiv.
Xav tau cov qauv dawb, thov hu rau peb cov kws tshaj lij ntawminfo@gybiotech.com.
